Using MITMProxy to Debug Elasticsearch and IB

There are times when troubleshooting you want to see what data was transmitted between two systems. When working with HTTP calls with Elasticsearch or Integration Broker targets, it can be helpful to see the data that was in the HTTP transaction. Seeing the data can often help resolve issues. Using MITMProxy, we can inspect HTTP traffic between two systems. In this post, I’ll show you how to use MITMProxy between PeopleSoft and Elasticsearch, and with the PeopleSoft Integration Broker.

Installation

You can download the MITMProxy binaries right from their website https://mitmproxy.org, or you can install from a package manager.

Powershell

choco install mitmproxy -y

Bash

python3 -m pip install mitmproxy

Reverse Proxy Mode

The first example we will walk through using a Reverse Proxy to inspect callback requests from Elasticsearch to PeopleSoft. The callback process is where Elasticsearch asks PeopleSoft what security a user has so that it can filter out results the user shouldn’t see.

First, we need to start up MITMProxy. To make it easier to view our HTTP transactions, we use the mitmweb executable. mitmweb provides a simple GUI for viewing each HTTP request and response that is captured.

To enable Reverse Proxy mode, we pass in the the mode and our target endpoint. For the Elasticsearch callback, that would be our Integration Broker web server.

Powershell

cd 'C:\Program Files\mitmproxy\bin'
.\mitmweb --mode reverse:http://ib.psadmin.io:8000

When MITM starts, a UI available at http://localhost:8081. You can open that URL in a browser and see an empty screen waiting for transactions.

Updating the Callback URL

In our case, we are going to inspect the call back from Elasticsearch to PeopleSoft. To do that we open the Search Instance page and update our Callback URL to point to MITMProxy.

Callback URL: http://mitmproxyserver.psadmin.io:8080/PSIGW/RESTListeningConnector/PSFT_HR

This URL is stored inside the metadata for each index. After you update the Callback URL and save, you must click the “Update Deployed Definitions” button. This will send the new Callback URL to Elasticsearch.

Inspecting Callback Traffic

Next, execute a search in PeopleSoft. I’ll search for a page using the Navigation searche. As soon as we have results in the search bar, you can look at your MITMProxy UI and see that it captured traffic.

The PeopleSoft plugins for Elasticsearch caches security attributes for 2 hours to help with performance. If you don’t see a callback transaction, try executing a search on a different index to get a callback transaction.

In MITMProxy, open the transaction and click on the “Response” tab. There you will see the JSON that PeopleSoft returned to Elasticsearch. This infomation is used to pair down the search results so that users only see the data they are allowed to view.

{
    "ORCL_ES_CALLBACK_RESP": {
        "ORCL_ES_ATTRIBUTES": [
            "S:Admin"
        ]
    }
}

Transparent Proxy Mode

In the example above, we ran MITMProxy in a reverse proxy so that it only forwarded data to one endpoint. You can also run MITMProxy in transparent proxy mode. This can be useful when trying to debug Integration Broker issues.

To start MITMProxy as a transparent proxy, we simply launch the mitmweb executable.

Powershell

cd 'C:\Program Files\mitmproxy\bin'
.\mitmweb

Configure Integration Broker Proxy

To capture IB traffic with MITMProxy, we need to update the integrationGateway.properties file to route traffic through a proxy. Edit the the ig.proxy* lines to point to our MITMProxy instance.

ig.proxyHost=mitmproxyserver.psadmin.io
ig.proxyPort=8080

You need to restart the web server after making these changes.

Test IB Node

To test our proxy connection, create a new node under “PeopleTools > Integration Broker > Integration Setup > Node Definitions”.

  1. Name: GETTEST.
  2. Description: Test GET Request
  3. Node Type: External
  4. Default User ID: PS
  5. Connector ID: HTTPTARGET
  6. HTTPPROPERTY – Method: GET
  7. PRIMARYURL: http://httpbin.org/get

You can save the Node after adding those minimal settings. The node will make a GET HTTP request to a simple REST end point. We are using HTTP instead of HTTPS for now.

Click “Ping Node” and wait for a response. Once the ping is done, you can opent the MITMProxy UI and look at the transaction. There should be one row for our Ping test. While there isn’t much data for this test, we have MITMProxy hooked up to the IB and it’s ready for you to start using.

HTTPS

For our tests so far, we have been using HTTP endpoints. Your IB and Elasticsearch should have HTTPS in place, so to add MITMProxy to the mix requires a few extra steps. We need to trust the MITMProxy certificate so that our application doesn’t reject the HTTPS connection due to trust issues.

When MITMProxy is started, it also runs a simple web page that can be viewed if your browser is configured to route traffic through MITMProxy. For Firefox, you can enable the Proxy under Settings > Network Settings > Settings > Manual Proxy Configuration. Then enter your MITMProxy server and port 8080. Your browser will now route all traffic through MITMProxy.

Once your browser is using MITMProxy, you can go to the page http://mitm.it. You will be shown a webpage where you can download the MITMProxy certificates. We need to load this certificate into pskey on our web servers. Download the Linux certificate even if you are on Windows (mitmproxy-ca-cert.pem) since it is in the correct format for pskey. Open the certificate and copy/paste the content onto your web server. I saved my file to /tmp/mitm.pem (or c:\temp\mitm.pem for Windows).

On your web server, use the keytool tool included with Java to import and trust the MITMProxy cert into pskey.

Bash

export domain=WEBSERVER01
keytool -importcert -alias mitmproxy -storepass password -keystore $PS_CFG_HOME/webserv/$domain/piaconfig/keystore/pskey -trustcacerts -file /tmp/mitm.pem

Owner: O=mitmproxy, CN=mitmproxy
Issuer: O=mitmproxy, CN=mitmproxy    
...

Trust this certificate? [no]:  yes
Certificate was added to keystore

Powershell

$domain="WEBSERVER01"
keytool -importcert -alias mitmproxy -storepass password -keystore $env:PS_CFG_HOME\webserv\$domain\piaconfig\keystore\pskey -trustcacerts -file c:\temp\mitm.pem

Owner: O=mitmproxy, CN=mitmproxy
Issuer: O=mitmproxy, CN=mitmproxy    
...

Trust this certificate? [no]:  yes
Certificate was added to keystore

HTTPS Node Test

Open the GETTEST node definition and update the URL to use https instead of http. Click “Ping Node” to retest with HTTPS.

“Server TLS handshake failed. Certificate verify failed: IP address mismatch”

You may receive an IB error when testing the HTTPS URLs. This can be expected with HTTPS. Many sites are improving their HTTPS support with Certificate Pinning, which helps prevent against “man in the middle” (MITM) attacks. Depending on the integration you are debugging, you may be able to work with HTTPS, or you may have to revert to HTTP for initial integration debugging before adding HTTPS back into the mix.

Application Server

You can also add MITMProxy to the application server configuration. In the psappsrv.cfg file there are two Proxy config lines used by the Java layer that runs inside the application server.

Proxy Host=mitmserver.psadmin.io
Proxy Port=8080

You will need to reconfigure the application server after updating these values.

#331 – psst

Dan and Kyle are back and this week they discuss SSH tips, playing Minecraft, and Kyle’s new PeopleSoft Secrets Tool (psst).

The PeopleSoft Administrator Podcast is hosted by Dan Iverson and Kyle Benson.

Show Notes


#330 – New to 9.2

The PeopleSoft Administrator Podcast hosted by Dan Iverson and Kyle Benson

This week on the podcast, Kyle and Dan talk about building a nightly refresh environment and the benefits of automating the process, and Dan talks about upgrading to PeopleSoft 9.2.

Show Notes

  • 9.2 Go-Live @ 1:45
  • Oracle MERGE command @ 13:30
  • Sandbox Refreshes @ 17:30

#329 – RTI Maintenance

The PeopleSoft Administrator Podcast hosted by Dan Iverson and Kyle Benson

This week on the podcast, we talk about the PeopleTools RTI Maintenance job, fixing the systemd scripts from the DPK, and using the OCI-AutoScale project.

Show Notes

#328 – psadmin.conf 2022 Recap

The PeopleSoft Administrator Podcast hosted by Dan Iverson and Kyle Benson

This week on the podcast, Dan and Kyle recap the psadmin.conf 2022 conference.

Show Notes

  • Getting the Most Out of PeopleTools @ 2:30
  • Kibana Lab @ 10:15
  • Monday Open Lab @ 13:00
  • Automating Maintenance Windows @ 15:00
  • Journey to the Cloud @ 16:30
  • OCI Migration @ 18:45
  • Environment Validation Lab @ 21:30
  • Tuesday Open Lab @ 25:00
  • Securing PS with Apache Rules @ 27:00
  • PeopleTools Platform Overview @ 29:45
  • Lightning Talks @ 33:00
  • Real-Time Indexing @ 41:30

#327 – HAProxy and OCI Load Balancer

The PeopleSoft Administrator Podcast hosted by Dan Iverson and Kyle Benson

This week on the podcast, Kyle and Dan talk about mapping remote client IPs to PeopleSoft logs and tables, and then discuss the benefits of load balancing with HAProxy and the OCI Load Balancer as a Service.

Show Notes

#326 – Portal Registry Migration Fixes

The PeopleSoft Administrator Podcast hosted by Dan Iverson and Kyle Benson

This week on the podcast, Kyle and Dan talk about what they learned about migrating PeopleTools Portal Registry objects.

Show Notes

Portal Registry Migration Fix

Sometimes when migrating Portal Registry objects I find that they do not show up in the Navigator, or even Structure and Content, until I clear cache, run VERSION, or even make a nominal change to the Portal Registry. We talked about this on the podcast in episode #303. I took Kyle’s idea of adding a sibling record in Structure and Content and traced what SQL was changing when saving the sibling record. There were INSERT statements for the new CREF, but there are also some important VERSION updates.

  1. Update overall VERSION to track the new changes
  2. Update the VERSION specifically for the Portal Registry object types
  3. Update the VERSION for the parent Portal Registry folder (in my case, the Root folder)

Below is a script I use with Phire; we execute this script after the object migration to make sure our new CREFs are visible.

-- Update overall VERSION for SYS and PRSM types
update PSVERSION set VERSION = VERSION + 1 where OBJECTTYPENAME in ('SYS','PRSM');

-- Update VERSION for Portal Registry objects
UPDATE PSLOCK SET VERSION = VERSION + 1 WHERE OBJECTTYPENAME = 'PRDM';
UPDATE PSLOCK SET VERSION = VERSION + 1 WHERE OBJECTTYPENAME = 'PRSM';

-- Update CREF Parent - Change PORTAL_OBJNAME as needed
UPDATE PSPRSMDEFN SET VERSION = (select VERSION from PSLOCK where OBJECTTYPENAME = 'PRSM'),  LASTUPDDTTM = TO_TIMESTAMP(sysdate,'YYYY-MM-DD-HH24.MI.SS.FF')  WHERE PORTAL_NAME = 'EMPLOYEE' AND PORTAL_REFTYPE = 'F' AND PORTAL_OBJNAME = 'PORTAL_ROOT_OBJECT';

commit;

Thanks for Andy Dorfman for catching a change in my original SQL. The first statement should include both the SYS and PRSM types.

#325 – psadmin.io Themes

The PeopleSoft Administrator Podcast hosted by Dan Iverson and Kyle Benson

This week on the podcast, Kyle and Dan talk about the new psadmin.io Themes for PeopleTools 8.59 (and 8.58), using the OCI Auto Scale project to save money on OCI, and the benefits of blogging.

Show Notes

psadmin.io Themes for PeopleTools 8.59

We are releasing our newest version of our Themes for PeopleSoft 8.59 (and 8.58). We use these stylesheets on our non-production environments so that users can easily recognize which environment they are in, and most important, know they aren’t in production.

The Themes are released as an Application Data Set that you can easiliy import into your applications. The ADS project includes stylesheets and Branding Themes.

Importing Themes

Download the new themes from the Github respository. Under the Releases, you can download the lastest IO_STYLE_859.zip release. Unpack the zip file to your Data Migration File Location.

You use the Data Migration Workbench’s “Load Project From File” feature to import the themes and stylesheets.

Assigning Themes

To set the main theme for your system,

  1. Navigate to PeopleTools > Portal > Branding > Branding System Options
  2. Select the IO_ theme of your choice.
  3. You will also need to add a stylesheet for Classic Plus. Add the cooresponding IO_<color>_859_PTCP_SS as an additional stylesheet.

  1. If you have set Theme Assignments, you can update those as well under PeopleTools > Portal > Branding > Assign Branding Themes

SQL for Refreshes

Typically, the IO_STYLE_859 is load into production but not used. During your refresh, you can use the following SQL to configure your new environment to use a theme.

UPDATE sysadm.psoptions
SET
    ptbrandtheme = 'IO_GREEN_859_THEME',
    themestyletype = 'PTCP';

TRUNCATE TABLE sysadm.psoptionsaddl;

INSERT INTO sysadm.psoptionsaddl 
VALUES (
    'C',
    'CSS',
    'IO_GREEN_859_PTCP_SS',
    0
);

Colors

If you are just starting these stylesheets for your non-production environments, here is a suggestion for how to color code environments. This is how I use the colors:

Environment Color
Development 1 Green
Development 2 Teal
Development 3 Blue
Test Red
UAT/QA Grey
Sandbox Brown
Project 1 Purple
Project 2 Pink
Project 3 Yellow

I used https://colordesigner.io/ to help build the color schemes.

Orange

Primary Dark Light Accent
#FF8100 #FF5100 #FFAA00 #004757

Red

Primary Dark Light Accent
#94090D #5C0002 #D40D12 #1dfff9

Green

Primary Dark Light Accent
#097609 #075807 #70AF1A #591aaf

Purple

Primary Dark Light Accent
#553285 #36175E #9768D1 #a2d168

Blue

Primary Dark Light Accent
#0074D9 #00448D #7ABAF2 #f2b27a

Teal

Primary Dark Light Accent
#009798 #227273 #9DF3F4 #f49e9d

Yellow

Primary Dark Light Accent
#CCCC04 #8d8d03 #FFFF52 #5252ff

Brown

Primary Dark Light Accent
#A36F44 #6B4732 #F7DEB2 #b2cbf7

Pink

Primary Dark Light Accent
#AA3366 #552233 #CC5599 #55cc88

Grey

Primary Dark Light Accent
#707070 #3B3B3B #BABABA #FD7400